2023 Consumer Confidence Report
Water System Information
Water System Name: Teen Challenge – CA5403213
Report Date: May 1, 2024
Type of Water Source(s) in Use: Groundwater
Name and General Location of Source(s): Well 01 – centrally located on south end of property.
Drinking Water Source Assessment Information: A Drinking Water Source Assessment was completed in August 2002. The source is vulnerable to septic systems, petroleum/chemical storage, and agricultural activity/draining, though not associated with any detected compounds.
Time and Place of Regularly Scheduled Board Meetings for Public Participation: to be announced. For More Information, Contact: S&S Water Services, Inc. – Water System Operators at 559-493-8951
About This Report
We test the drinking water quality for many constituents as required by state and federal regulations. This report shows the results of our monitoring for the period of January 1 to December 31, 2023 and may include earlier monitoring data.

Importance of This Report Statement in Five Non-English Languages (Spanish, Mandarin, Tagalog, Vietnamese, and Hmong)
Language in Spanish: Este informe contiene información muy importante sobre su agua para beber. Favor de comunicarse Teen Challenge a 42675 Road 44, Reedley, CA 93564 para asistirlo en español.
Language in Mandarin: 这份报告含有关于您的饮用水的重要讯息。请用以下地址和电话联系 Teen Challenge以获得中文的帮助: 42675 Road 44, Reedley, CA 93564, 559-549-6628.
Language in Tagalog: Ang pag-uulat na ito ay naglalaman ng mahalagang impormasyon tungkol sa inyong inuming tubig. Mangyaring makipag-ugnayan sa Teen Challenge at 42675 Road 44, Reedley, CA 93564 o tumawag sa 559-549-6628 para matulungan sa wikang Tagalog.
Language in Vietnamese: Báo cáo này chứa thông tin quan trọng về nước uống của bạn. Xin vui lòng liên hệ Teen Challenge tại 42675 Road 44, Reedley, CA 93564 để được hỗ trợ giúp bằng tiếng Việt.
Language in Hmong: Tsab ntawv no muaj cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb txog koj cov dej haus. Thov hu rau Teen Challenge ntawm 42675 Road 44, Reedley, CA 93564 rau kev pab hauv lus Askiv.

Terms Used in This Report
Term	Definition	
Level 1 Assessment	A Level 1 assessment is a study of the water system to identify potential problems and determine (if possible) why total coliform bacteria have been found in our water system.	
Level 2 Assessment	A Level 2 assessment is a very detailed study of the water system to identify potential problems and determine (if possible) why an E. coli MCL violation has occurred and/or why total coliform bacteria have been found in our water system on multiple occasions.	
Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL)	The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. Primary MCLs are set as close to the PHGs (or MCLGs) as is economically and technologically feasible. Secondary MCLs are set to protect the odor, taste, and appearance of drinking water.	
Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG)	The level of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MCLGs are set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA).	
Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level (MRDL)	The highest level of a disinfectant allowed in drinking water. There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary for control of microbial contaminants.	
Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal (MRDLG)	The level of a drinking water disinfectant below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MRDLGs do not reflect the benefits of the use of disinfectants to control microbial contaminants.	
Primary Drinking Water Standards (PDWS)	MCLs and MRDLs for contaminants that affect health along with their monitoring and reporting requirements, and water treatment requirements.	
Public Health Goal (PHG)	The level of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or expected risk to health. PHGs are set by the California Environmental Protection Agency.	
Regulatory Action Level (AL)	The concentration of a contaminant which, if exceeded, triggers treatment or other requirements that a water system must follow.	
Secondary Drinking Water Standards (SDWS)	MCLs for contaminants that affect taste, odor, or appearance of the drinking water. Contaminants with SDWSs do not affect the health at the MCL levels.	
Treatment Technique (TT)	A required process intended to reduce the level of a contaminant in drinking water.	
Variances and Exemptions	Permissions from the State Water Resources Control Board (State Board) to exceed an MCL or not comply with a treatment technique under certain conditions.	
ND	Not detectable at testing limit.	
ppm	parts per million or milligrams per liter (mg/L)	
ppb	parts per billion or micrograms per liter (µg/L)	
ppt	parts per trillion or nanograms per liter (ng/L)	
ppq	parts per quadrillion or picogram per liter (pg/L)	
pCi/L	picocuries per liter (a measure of radiation)	

Sources of Drinking Water and Contaminants that May Be Present in Source Water
The sources of drinking water (both tap water and bottled water) include rivers, lakes, streams, ponds, reservoirs, springs, and wells. As water travels over the surface of the land or through the ground, it dissolves naturally-occurring minerals and, in some cases, radioactive material, and can pick up substances resulting from the presence of animals or from human activity.
Contaminants that may be present in source water include:
•	Microbial contaminants, such as viruses and bacteria, that may come from sewage treatment plants, septic systems, agricultural livestock operations, and wildlife.
•	Inorganic contaminants, such as salts and metals, can be naturally-occurring or result from urban stormwater runoff, industrial or domestic wastewater discharges, oil and gas production, mining, or farming.
•	Pesticides and herbicides, that may come from a variety of sources such as agriculture, urban stormwater runoff, and residential uses.
•	Organic chemical contaminants, including synthetic and volatile organic chemicals, that are byproducts of industrial processes and petroleum production, and can also come from gas stations, urban stormwater runoff, agricultural application, and septic systems.
•	Radioactive contaminants, that can be naturally-occurring or be the result of oil and gas production and mining activities.

Regulation of Drinking Water and Bottled Water Quality
In order to ensure that tap water is safe to drink, the U.S. EPA and the State Board prescribe regulations that limit the amount of certain contaminants in water provided by public water systems. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration regulations and California law also establish limits for contaminants in bottled water that provide the same protection for public health.

About Your Drinking Water Quality

Drinking Water Contaminants Detected
Tables 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 list all of the drinking water contaminants that were detected during the most recent sampling for the constituent. The presence of these contaminants in the water does not necessarily indicate that the water poses a health risk. The State Board allows us to monitor for certain contaminants less than once per year because the concentrations of these contaminants do not change frequently. Some of the data, though representative of the water quality, are more than one year old. Any violation of an AL, MCL, MRDL, or TT is asterisked. Additional information regarding the violation is provided later in this report.

Table 1. Sampling Results Showing the Detection of Coliform Bacteria
Complete if bacteria are detected.

Microbiological Contaminants	Highest No. of Detections	No. of Months in Violation	
MCL	
MCLG	Typical Source of Bacteria	
E. coli	(In 2023)
0	0	(a)	0	Human and animal fecal waste	
(a) Routine and repeat samples are total coliform-positive and either is E. coli-positive or system fails to take repeat samples following E. coli-positive routine sample or system fails to analyze total coliform-positive repeat sample for E. coli.

Table 2. Sampling Results Showing the Detection of Lead and Copper
Complete if lead or copper is detected in the last sample set.

Lead and Copper	

Sample Date	No. of Samples Collected	90th Percentile Level Detected	No. Sites Exceeding AL	AL	PHG	No. of Schools Requesting Lead Sampling	

Typical Source of Contaminant	
Lead (ppb)	9/19/2022	5	Not Detected	0	15	0.2	Not applicable	Internal corrosion of household water plumbing systems; discharges from industrial manufacturers; erosion of natural deposits	
Copper (ppm)	9/19/2022	5	0.152	0	1.3	0.3	Not applicable	Internal corrosion of household plumbing systems; erosion of natural deposits; leaching from wood preservatives	

Table 3. Sampling Results for Sodium and Hardness

Chemical or Constituent (and reporting units)	Sample Date	Level Detected	Range of Detections	
MCL	PHG (MCLG)	Typical Source of Contaminant	
Sodium (ppm)	2/13/2023	29	N/A	None	None	Salt present in the water and is generally naturally occurring	
Hardness (ppm)	2/13/2023	92	N/A	None	None	Sum of polyvalent cations present in the water, generally magnesium and calcium, and are usually naturally occurring	

Table 4. Detection of Contaminants with a Primary Drinking Water Standard

Chemical or Constituent (and
reporting units)	
Sample Date	
Level Detected	
Range of Detections	
MCL [MRDL]	
PHG (MCLG) [MRDLG]	
Typical Source of Contaminant	
Arsenic (ppb)	2/13/2023	2.8	N/A	10	0.004	Erosion of natural deposits; runoff from orchards; glass and electronics production wastes	
Barium (ppb)	2/13/2023	59	N/A	1000	2000	Discharges of oil wastes and from metal refineries; erosion of natural deposits	
Perchlorate (ppb)	3/17/2023	0.57	N/A	6	1	Perchlorate is an inorganic chemical used in solid rocket propellant, fireworks, explosives, flares, matches, and a variety of industries.	
Nitrate as N (ppm)	2/13/2023	0.31	N/A	10	10	Runoff and leaching from fertilizer use; leaching from septic tanks and sewage; erosion of natural deposits	
Table 5. Detection of Contaminants with a Secondary Drinking Water Standard

Chemical or Constituent (and reporting units)	Sample Date	Level Detected	Range of Detections	
SMCL	*PHG (MCLG)	Typical Source of Contaminant	
Turbidity (NTU)	2/13/2023	0.12	N/A	5	None	Soil runoff	
Chloride (ppm)	2/13/2023	3.0	N/A	500	None	Runoff/leaching from natural deposits; seawater influence	
Conductivity (µmhos/cm)	2/13/2023	310	N/A	1600	None	Substances that form ions when in water; seawater influence	
Total Dissolved Solids (ppm)	2/13/2023	200	N/A	1000	None	Runoff/leaching from natural deposits	
Sulfate (ppm)	2/13/2023	1.8	N/A	500	None	Runoff/leaching from natural deposits; industrial wastes	
*Note: There are no PHGs, MCLGs, or mandatory standard health effects language for these constituents because secondary MCLs are set on the basis of aesthetic concerns.	

Table 6. Detection of Unregulated Contaminants

Chemical or Constituent (and reporting units)	Sample Date	Level Detected	Range of Detections	Notification Level	
Health Effects	
None	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	
Additional General Information on Drinking Water
Drinking water, including bottled water, may reasonably be expected to contain at least small amounts of some contaminants. The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate that the water poses a health risk. More information about contaminants and potential health effects can be obtained by calling the U.S. EPA’s Safe Drinking Water Hotline (1-800-426-4791).
Some people may be more vulnerable to contaminants in drinking water than the general population. Immuno-compromised persons such as persons with cancer undergoing chemotherapy, persons who have undergone organ transplants, people with HIV/AIDS or other immune system disorders, some elderly, and infants can be particularly at risk from infections. These people should seek advice about drinking water from their health care providers. U.S. EPA/Centers for Disease Control (CDC) guidelines on appropriate means to lessen the risk of infection by Cryptosporidium and other microbial contaminants are available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline (1-800-426-4791).
Lead-Specific Language: If present, elevated levels of lead can cause serious health problems, especially for pregnant women and young children. Lead in drinking water is primarily from materials and components associated with service lines and home plumbing. Teen Challenge is responsible for providing high quality drinking water but cannot control the variety of materials used in plumbing components. When your water has been sitting for several hours, you can minimize the potential for lead exposure by flushing your tap for 30 seconds to 2 minutes before using water for drinking or cooking. [Optional: If you do so, you may wish to collect the flushed water and reuse it for another beneficial purpose, such as watering plants.] If you are concerned about lead in your water, you may wish to have your water tested. Information on lead in drinking water, testing methods, and steps you can take to minimize exposure is available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline (1-800-426-4791) or at http://www.epa.gov/lead.